By Hubert Heckmann: An academic work attempts to place “Nigerian-style” scams within a decolonial framework… even if it means praising a criminal system. Nahema Hanafi, a historian at the University of Angers, has published a work, The Nigerian Scam. Spam, Postcolonial Reports and Social Banditry, "in which she highlights the system behind the fraudulent emails sent by young French-speaking Africans. The literary analysis of the messages is coupled with a sociological approach relating to the profile of the scammers and their claims." The subject concerns everyone, as the author does not fail to remind us in the promotion of his work: we have all received these messages from grazers, that is, online scammers who promise inheritances, good deals or romantic encounters.